Diabetic Foot
Diabetic Foot
Table of Contents
What is Diabetic Foot?
Diabetic foot refers to a range of foot problems that develop as a complication of diabetes — including poor circulation, nerve damage (neuropathy), infections, ulcers, and even bone or skin deformities. If left untreated, these conditions can lead to serious outcomes, including amputation.
People with diabetes have a higher risk of foot injuries going unnoticed due to reduced sensation, and minor wounds can quickly become infected. Early detection, routine care, and proper management are crucial to prevent complications.
What causes diabetic foot problems?
The most common causes include:
Peripheral neuropathy – damage to nerves that impairs sensation
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) – poor circulation that slows healing
Infections – minor wounds or fungal issues that worsen quickly
Foot deformities – such as bunions, hammertoes, or Charcot foot
Poor blood sugar control – which weakens immune response and tissue healing
A simple blister, ingrown toenail, or unnoticed cut can escalate into a non-healing ulcer or serious infection.
What are the symptoms of diabetic foot?
Signs of diabetic foot complications may include:
Tingling, burning, or numbness in the feet
Wounds or ulcers that don’t heal
Redness, swelling, or warmth in specific areas
Discoloration of toes or skin
Foul odor or drainage from a wound
Thickened, cracked, or infected toenails
Deformity or collapse of the foot structure (Charcot foot)
Because nerve damage reduces pain sensation, many patients are unaware of a problem until an infection develops.
How is diabetic foot diagnosed?
At Toetal Podiatry, we perform a comprehensive diabetic foot exam that may include:
Vascular assessment using Doppler ultrasound to check blood flow
Neuropathy testing with monofilaments and tuning forks
Wound evaluation and swabbing for bacterial cultures
X-rays or ultrasound to assess bone involvement or hidden infections
Our team closely monitors your feet for changes over time to prevent emergencies.
Would I need surgery for diabetic foot?
If the infection becomes severe, or if ulcers do not heal with conservative care, surgical intervention may be necessary.
Surgical options may include:
Drainage or debridement of abscesses
Correction of deformities to prevent pressure ulcers
Amputation in rare, severe cases to save the patient’s life
Toetal Podiatry focuses on limb preservation and uses the least invasive methods possible while ensuring effective outcomes.
FAQs about Diabetic Foot
Q: How often should I have a diabetic foot checkup?
A: At least once a year, or more frequently if you have neuropathy, a history of ulcers, or circulation issues.
Q: Can diabetic foot problems be prevented?
A: Yes — through proper foot hygiene, daily inspection, good blood sugar control, and wearing protective footwear.
Q: What should I do if I find a sore or cut on my foot?
A: Clean it gently, keep it covered, avoid walking on it, and call your podiatrist immediately — even small wounds can become serious.
Q: Are diabetic shoes really necessary?
A: Yes — they help reduce pressure points and lower the risk of ulcers or injury in sensitive areas.
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